fn 1 upright microscope  (Basler)

Journal: The Journal of Physiology

Article Title: Mitochondria regulate inositol triphosphate‐mediated Ca 2+ release triggered by voltage‐dependent Ca 2+ entry in resistance arteries

doi: 10.1113/JP288022

Figure Lengend Snippet: A , heat map representations and Ca 2+ signals illustrating high K + ‐evoked Ca 2+ activity under control conditions after the removal of extracellular Ca 2+ and after inhibition of L‐type Ca 2+ channels using nimodipine (10 µM). Scale bar = 50 µm. Raw Ca 2+ signals were deconvolved into fast and slow F / F 0 signal components, and traces from all cells are shown overlaid. In each trace the bold black line is the averaged Ca 2+ signals from all cells. B–D , summarized data showing the percentage of cells activated by a high K + PSS (physiological salt solution), the mean amplitude of fast Ca 2+ responses ( C ) and the mean amplitude of slow, persistent Ca 2+ responses ( D ). Statistical significance ( P < 0.05) using repeated‐measures one‐way ANOVA with the Geisser–Greenhouse correction and Dunnett's multiple comparisons test ( n = 5 animals in each experiment vs . control).

Article Snippet: Images of Ca 2+ signals and immunostaining were obtained using a Nikon FN‐1 (Amstelveen, Netherlands) upright fluorescence microscope equipped with a 40× (0.8 numerical aperture) or 16× (0.8 numerical aperture) water dipping lens.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Control, Inhibition

Journal: The Journal of Physiology

Article Title: Mitochondria regulate inositol triphosphate‐mediated Ca 2+ release triggered by voltage‐dependent Ca 2+ entry in resistance arteries

doi: 10.1113/JP288022

Figure Lengend Snippet: A , top, heat map representation of basal (left) and high K + ‐evoked (right) Ca 2+ activity in the absence and presence of the phospholipase C blocker, U73122 (2 µM). Bottom, raw Ca 2+ signals from each cell shown in the heat map images. B and C , summarized data showing the mean amplitude ( B ) of high K + PSS‐evoked Ca 2+ signals and the percentage of cells responding to high K + PSS ( C ). Statistical significance was determined using a repeated‐measured two‐way ANOVA with the Geisser–Greenhouse correction and uncorrected Fisher's LSD (least significant difference) for multiple comparisons (treatment vs . control for basal activity, treatment vs . control for high K + ‐evoked activity; n = 5 animals).

Article Snippet: Images of Ca 2+ signals and immunostaining were obtained using a Nikon FN‐1 (Amstelveen, Netherlands) upright fluorescence microscope equipped with a 40× (0.8 numerical aperture) or 16× (0.8 numerical aperture) water dipping lens.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Control

Journal: The Journal of Physiology

Article Title: Mitochondria regulate inositol triphosphate‐mediated Ca 2+ release triggered by voltage‐dependent Ca 2+ entry in resistance arteries

doi: 10.1113/JP288022

Figure Lengend Snippet: A , top, heat map images of Ca 2+ signals in response to photolysis of caged IP 3 in arteries that have been denuded of endothelial cells. Dashed green circle: area of photolysis. Scale bar = 50 µm. Bottom, Ca 2+ traces from the single cells activated in the top panel. The bold red line is the averaged Ca 2+ signals from cells in the uncaging area. B , summary data of average amplitude of Ca 2+ peaks; ( C ) propagation area of Ca 2+ signals after photolysis. Statistical significance ( P < 0.05) determined using the Friedman test with Dunn's multiple comparisons test ( n = 5 animals).

Article Snippet: Images of Ca 2+ signals and immunostaining were obtained using a Nikon FN‐1 (Amstelveen, Netherlands) upright fluorescence microscope equipped with a 40× (0.8 numerical aperture) or 16× (0.8 numerical aperture) water dipping lens.

Techniques:

Journal: The Journal of Physiology

Article Title: Mitochondria regulate inositol triphosphate‐mediated Ca 2+ release triggered by voltage‐dependent Ca 2+ entry in resistance arteries

doi: 10.1113/JP288022

Figure Lengend Snippet: Depolarization of the plasma membrane induces Ca 2+ influx via L‐type VDCCs that produces a steady elevation in Ca 2+ , which activates IP 3 Rs to evoke repetitive Ca 2+ release events from the intracellular Ca 2+ store. Depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential reduces IP 3 R activity. Similarly inhibition of the ATP synthase increases ROS production, which also decreases IP 3 R activity. Ca 2+ entry via VDCC is unaffected by changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential or inhibition of the ATP synthase. IP 3 Rs, inositol phosphate receptors; ROS, reactive oxygen species; RyRs, ryanodine receptors; SR, sarcoplasmic reticulum; VDCC, voltage‐dependent Ca 2+ channel.

Article Snippet: Images of Ca 2+ signals and immunostaining were obtained using a Nikon FN‐1 (Amstelveen, Netherlands) upright fluorescence microscope equipped with a 40× (0.8 numerical aperture) or 16× (0.8 numerical aperture) water dipping lens.

Techniques: Clinical Proteomics, Membrane, Activity Assay, Inhibition